Appendix

IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) Treatment IBS treatment focuses on managing symptoms: - Dietary Changes: Avoiding trigger foods, increasing fiber intake. - Stress Management: Techniques like meditation, deep breathing. - Medications: Antispasmodics, laxatives, or anti-diarrheal medications. IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) Treatment IBD treatment aims to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms: - Medications: Aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, or biologics. - Lifestyle Changes: Dietary modifications, stress management. - Surgery: May be necessary in some cases to remove damaged portions of the bowel

Cancer Treatment Cancer treatment varies depending on the type and stage of cancer. Common treatments include: - Surgery: Removing tumours or affected tissues. - Chemotherapy: Using medications to kill cancer cells. - Radiation Therapy: Using radiation to kill cancer cells. Bariatric Surgery Bariatric surgery is a type of weight-loss surgery for individuals with obesity. Common procedures include: - Gastric Bypass: Creating a small stomach pouch to limit food intake. - Sleeve Gastrectomy: Removing a portion of the stomach to reduce its size. Benefits - Weight Loss: Bariatric surgery can lead to significant weight loss and improved health outcomes. - Improved Health: Weight loss can improve or resolve conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and sleep apnoea.

Variceal Band Ligation Variceal band ligation is a procedure used to treat oesophageal varices, which are enlarged veins in the oesophagus. The procedure involves using bands to constrict the varices, reducing the risk of bleeding. What to Expect - Preparation: Sedation and monitoring during the procedure. - Procedure: An endoscope is inserted through the mouth to visualize the oesophagus. Bands are placed around the varices to constrict them. - Benefits: Reduces the risk of bleeding from oesophageal varices. Benefits - Bleeding Prevention: Variceal band ligation can help prevent bleeding from oesophageal varices. - Minimally Invasive: The procedure is generally well-tolerated and minimally invasive. Potential Risks - Bleeding: A small risk of bleeding during or after the procedure. - Complications: Rare complications, such as oesophageal stricture or ulceration, can occur.